The article argues that recent executive overreach and politicization have severely undermined established norms of U.S. civil-military relations. To restore professional standards, the incoming Congress must actively exercise its oversight powers, moving beyond mere criticism to demanding transparency in defense policy and personnel decisions. Key reforms include enforcing meritocratic promotion processes, requiring documented justification for senior officer removals, and preventing the partisan use of the military. These actions are crucial for bolstering public trust and ensuring the military remains a nonpartisan instrument of civilian control.
The Impact of Firearm Violence in Black Communities
English Summary
RAND concludes that firearm violence in Black communities constitutes a profound community shock, leading to systemic declines in welfare and prosperity. Evidence reviewed demonstrates that this violence is consistently linked to severe negative outcomes, including worsening physical and mental health, impaired educational attainment, and significant neighborhood-level economic harm. The report argues that addressing this crisis requires a paradigm shift, treating violence reduction not merely as a criminal justice issue, but as a critical public-health, educational, and economic imperative. Policymakers are urged to prioritize sustained investment in evidence-based community infrastructure and violence intervention programs.
中文摘要
蘭德公司（RAND）總結指出，黑人社區的槍枝暴力構成了一種深層次的社區衝擊，導致福利和繁榮的系統性衰退。所審閱的證據顯示，這種暴力與一系列嚴重的負面後果持續相關，包括身心健康的惡化、教育成就的受損，以及顯著的社區層級經濟損失。報告主張，應將解決此危機視為一種範式轉變，將暴力減輕不應僅僅視為刑事司法問題，而必須視為一個關鍵的公共衛生、教育和經濟必要事項。敦促政策制定者優先投入資源，持續投資於循證的社區基礎設施和暴力干預計畫。
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