The article argues that recent executive overreach and politicization have severely undermined established norms of U.S. civil-military relations. To restore professional standards, the incoming Congress must actively exercise its oversight powers, moving beyond mere criticism to demanding transparency in defense policy and personnel decisions. Key reforms include enforcing meritocratic promotion processes, requiring documented justification for senior officer removals, and preventing the partisan use of the military. These actions are crucial for bolstering public trust and ensuring the military remains a nonpartisan instrument of civilian control.
Inland From Mombasa: East Africa and the Making of the Indian Ocean World
English Summary
The article argues that the Indian Ocean region is a profoundly influential and cosmopolitan arena, challenging historical views that minimized its importance compared to the Atlantic. Key evidence highlights that scholarly focus must extend beyond major port cities to the interior populations, such as the Mijikenda communities in Kenya and Tanzania. These interior groups were not merely suppliers of goods but played sophisticated roles in trade and politics, utilizing cultural preservation as a strategic asset. Policymakers must recognize the deep historical and economic significance of these inland communities to accurately assess regional stability and development potential.
中文摘要
本文論述印度洋地區是一個極具影響力且國際化的場域，挑戰了歷史上低估其重要性、而將其與大西洋相比較觀點。關鍵證據指出，學術焦點必須超越主要港口城市，延伸至內陸人口，例如肯亞和坦尚尼亞的米吉肯達社群。這些內陸群體不僅是商品供應者，更在貿易和政治中扮演了複雜的角色，並將文化保存作為戰略資產。政策制定者必須認識到這些內陸社群深厚的歷史和經濟意義，才能準確評估區域的穩定性與發展潛力。
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