The article argues that recent executive overreach and politicization have severely undermined established norms of U.S. civil-military relations. To restore professional standards, the incoming Congress must actively exercise its oversight powers, moving beyond mere criticism to demanding transparency in defense policy and personnel decisions. Key reforms include enforcing meritocratic promotion processes, requiring documented justification for senior officer removals, and preventing the partisan use of the military. These actions are crucial for bolstering public trust and ensuring the military remains a nonpartisan instrument of civilian control.
Motherland: A Feminist History of Modern Russia, From Revolution to Autocracy
English Summary
This feminist historical analysis argues that modern Russia has failed to translate revolutionary ideals into lasting gender equality, leaving women burdened by a persistent 'double burden' of professional and domestic responsibilities. The author uses personal memory and historical sources to trace both moments of female heroism (e.g., WWII) and systemic failures, highlighting historical trauma from pogroms to the Soviet era. For policy, the book suggests that unresolved social tensions and gender inequality remain critical internal vulnerabilities. Any strategic engagement must account for the deep-seated societal struggle for female autonomy, as this factor influences social stability and political expectations within the Russian Federation.
中文摘要
這篇女性主義歷史分析指出，現代俄羅斯未能將革命理想轉化為持久的性別平等，導致女性持續承受專業和家庭責任的「雙重負擔」。作者結合個人回憶與歷史資料，追溯了女性英雄時刻（例如二戰）與系統性失敗的雙重面向，並強調了從暴動到蘇聯時期所經歷的歷史創傷。從政策層面來看，該書認為未解決的社會張力與性別不平等仍是關鍵的內部脆弱性。任何戰略層面的介入都必須考量到俄羅斯社會深層尋求女性自主權的鬥爭，因為這一因素影響著俄羅斯聯邦的社會穩定與政治預期。
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