The article argues that recent executive overreach and politicization have severely undermined established norms of U.S. civil-military relations. To restore professional standards, the incoming Congress must actively exercise its oversight powers, moving beyond mere criticism to demanding transparency in defense policy and personnel decisions. Key reforms include enforcing meritocratic promotion processes, requiring documented justification for senior officer removals, and preventing the partisan use of the military. These actions are crucial for bolstering public trust and ensuring the military remains a nonpartisan instrument of civilian control.
EST Rapid Roundup: What Comes Next for U.S. Trade Policy After the Supreme Court’s IEEPA Ruling?
English Summary
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Learning Resources Inc. v. Trump that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) does not authorize presidential tariffs, reaffirming that the power to tax resides with Congress. While this decision curtails broad executive trade authority, the administration is pivoting to alternative statutes like Section 122 and Section 301 to sustain its protectionist agenda, albeit with more procedural hurdles. The ruling necessitates a complex refund process for $160 billion in collected revenues, yet experts warn that persistent policy volatility will continue to create an 'uncertainty tax' on global investment and supply chains.
中文摘要
美國聯邦最高法院在「學習資源公司訴川普案」(Learning Resources Inc. v. Trump) 中裁定，《國際緊急經濟權力法》(IEEPA) 並未授權總統徵收關稅，並重申徵稅權屬於國會。儘管此裁定削減了廣泛的行政貿易職權，但政府正轉向第122條及第301條等替代法規，以維持其保護主義議程，儘管這將面臨更多程序障礙。該裁定要求針對已徵收的1600億美元稅收進行複雜的退款程序，然而專家警告，持續的政策波動將繼續對全球投資和供應鏈造成「不確定性稅」。
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