The article argues that recent executive overreach and politicization have severely undermined established norms of U.S. civil-military relations. To restore professional standards, the incoming Congress must actively exercise its oversight powers, moving beyond mere criticism to demanding transparency in defense policy and personnel decisions. Key reforms include enforcing meritocratic promotion processes, requiring documented justification for senior officer removals, and preventing the partisan use of the military. These actions are crucial for bolstering public trust and ensuring the military remains a nonpartisan instrument of civilian control.
Norman E. Alexander Family M Foundation Forum on Science and Foreign Policy: U.S. Science and Research in a Changing Landscape
English Summary
The webinar argues that global oil geopolitics has been fundamentally reshaped by Russia’s war in Ukraine, OPEC+ supply management, and shifting demand centers, even as the energy transition advances. Carolyn Kissane stresses that the world still consumes over 100 million barrels per day, with demand growth concentrated in Asia, while Russia has largely sustained exports by redirecting discounted crude to buyers such as India and China. She also highlights that state-owned producers and OPEC+ coordination continue to exert strong influence on prices, making markets vulnerable when supply is curtailed in already tight conditions. The policy implication is a dual-track strategy: preserve short-term energy security and price stability through diversified supply and contingency tools, while accelerating credible decarbonization pathways that account for uneven capacity and financing constraints across regions.
中文摘要
該場網路研討會指出，儘管能源轉型持續推進，俄羅斯對烏克蘭的戰爭、OPEC+ 的供應管理，以及需求重心轉移，已從根本上重塑全球石油地緣政治。Carolyn Kissane 強調，全球每日石油消費量仍超過 1 億桶，且需求成長主要集中於亞洲；同時，俄羅斯透過將折價原油轉向印度與中國等買家，基本維持了出口。她也指出，國有石油生產者與 OPEC+ 協調機制仍對價格具有強大影響力，使市場在本已緊繃的情況下，一旦供應收縮便更為脆弱。其政策意涵是採取雙軌策略：一方面透過供應多元化與應變工具維持短期能源安全與價格穩定；另一方面加速具可信度的去碳化路徑，並納入各地區能力與融資限制不均的現實。
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