The article argues that targeted cash transfers represent a feasible, scalable mechanism to end extreme poverty, noting that previous growth-based models have stalled since 2015. Evidence from existing evaluations demonstrates that unconditional cash transfers positively impact consumption, health, and education without discouraging labor force participation. To move beyond small pilots, the authors propose initiating a national-scale "proof-of-concept" program, funded by private capital and embedded within a government structure. This approach is crucial not only for immediate poverty reduction but also for generating the necessary evidence to build state capacity and enable global replication of the model.
From bans to recalls: A public health framework for AI companion bots
English Summary
The Brookings report argues that AI companion bots pose a significant public health risk due to inadequate safeguards, addictive design, and potential disruption of children’s social development. Evidence suggests a growing body of research demonstrating harm from excessive screen time and social media, justifying a shift from solely focusing on bans to implementing a robust recall system. This framework, modeled after those used for drugs and medical devices, emphasizes pre-market approval and mandatory recalls to incentivize safety and address the current market failures. Ultimately, the report advocates for treating ‘bans’ as recalls to proactively mitigate harm and establish a safety floor for these rapidly deployed technologies.
中文摘要
布魯金斯報告認為，人工智能伴侶機器人（AI陪伴機器人）由於缺乏足夠的安全保障、成癮設計以及對兒童社會發展的潛在干擾，構成了一項重大的公共衛生風險。 證據表明，過度使用屏幕時間和社交媒體造成的危害日益顯現，這有理由從單純的禁止轉向實施一套強有力的召回系統。 該框架參考了用於藥物和醫療設備的模式，強調在上市前審批和強制召回，以推動安全並解決當前的市場失靈。 總體而言，報告主張將『禁止』視為『召回』，從而積極應對潛在危害並為這些快速部署的技術確立安全底線。
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