The article argues that recent executive overreach and politicization have severely undermined established norms of U.S. civil-military relations. To restore professional standards, the incoming Congress must actively exercise its oversight powers, moving beyond mere criticism to demanding transparency in defense policy and personnel decisions. Key reforms include enforcing meritocratic promotion processes, requiring documented justification for senior officer removals, and preventing the partisan use of the military. These actions are crucial for bolstering public trust and ensuring the military remains a nonpartisan instrument of civilian control.
Brookings experts on the Supreme Court’s tariff decision
English Summary
The Supreme Court's ruling in Learning Resources Inc. v. Trump invalidated the use of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) for broad tariffs, reasserting that the power to raise revenue resides with Congress under the Taxing Clause. While the decision eliminates the administration’s primary tool for immediate, open-ended duties, Brookings experts note that significant economic uncertainty persists as the executive branch pivots to alternative authorities like Sections 122, 232, and 301. This shift may force more deliberate, evidence-based trade investigations and increase legislative accountability, yet it also threatens to exacerbate federal deficits and complicate relations with key allies in Europe and the Indo-Pacific.
中文摘要
最高法院在「Learning Resources Inc. 訴 特朗普」案中的裁決判定，引用《國際緊急經濟權力法》（IEEPA）徵收廣泛關稅為無效，並重申根據「徵稅條款」，增加歲入的權限屬於國會。雖然此裁決取消了行政機關徵收即時、無限制關稅的主要工具，但布魯金斯學會的專家指出，由於行政部門轉向 122、232 和 301 條款等替代權限，顯著的經濟不確定性依然存在。這一轉變可能會迫使政府進行更審慎且基於證據的貿易調查並提高立法問責，但同時也可能加劇聯邦赤字，並使與歐洲及印太地區關鍵盟友的關係趨於複雜。
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